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Cryopreservation: Introduction
Cryopreservation: Instructions for Investigators

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Cryopreservation: Instructions for Investigators

  1. Mating Schemes to generate 2-cell embryos for cryopreservation.

    The approximate goal for each line is to freeze at least 200 embryos @20 embryos/vial. To obtain this many embryos in a single day females must be induced to superovulate prior to mating. Due to variability in response to superovulation regimens and breeding performance, however, it may take more than one attempt to collect enough embryos. Depending on the mating pairs chosen, not all the embryos will necessarily carry the gene (transgene or knockout allele) of interest. For example, in the case of heterozygous mutant males mated with wildtype females, only 50% of the resulting pups will carry the gene of interest. This means that after freezing and thawing, the pups derived from frozen embryos will have to be genotyped and additional breeding performed to reconstitute the line.

    The following is a guideline only; it is important to discuss specific details for your paricular line with the TPS Director well in advance.

    You must provide us with 10-12 heterozygous or homozygous transgenic (Tg) or knockout (KO) males at 8 weeks to 8 months of age. When selecting males, make sure they have not been used for breeding for at least 2 weeks and have been housed individually (1/cage) for about two weeks. We will also need 10-12 embryo-donor females of superovulatory age (10-12 grams). Wildtype females will be purchased for this purpose.

    Superovulation will be induced by injecting the gonadotropins, PMS (pregnant mare's serum), followed by HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) 48 hrs later. Superovulated mice will be mated with the males immediately after the second injection. Two days later, two-cell embryos will be collected from plugged females and frozen.

    If your animals are housed in the BRL (Biologic Resources Laboratory), hormone injections, mating, and dissection of oviducts from plugged females will be performed by BRL staff. The oviducts will be transported to our facility for embryo collection/freezing.

    Please note, all animal purchases /per diem will be charged to your BRL account.

  2. Sperm Cryopreservation.

    Cryopreserving sperm is very simple. If you choose to freeze sperm, you will have to provide us with 1 or 2 males of the desired genotype. To recover pups at a later date, in virto fertiliztion (IVF) will have to be performed (not as simple). Please note from the table below that there are clear strain differences in the success rate (% fertilization) of IVF, with success using frozen sperm compared with freshly collected sperm declining dramatically for some strains.

  3. Recovering Mice from Frozen Embryos

    Following thawing, embryos will be transferred to pseudopregnant foster mothers for development to term. Pups will be turned over to the investigator at weaning. Depending on the genotype of the of the parents of frozen embryos, pups may have to be genotyped and additional breeding performed to reconstitute the line. Please note, all animal purchases/per diem will be charged to your BRL account.

  4. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

    For lines preserved as frozen sperm IVF is used for recovery. IVF will be performed using oocytes collected from wildtype females. The day following IVF, two-cell embryos will be transferred to pseudopregnant foster mothers. The resulting pups will be turned over to the investigator at weaning. Depending on the genotype of the frozen sperm, pups may have to be genotyped and additional breeding performed to reconstitute the line. Please note, all animal purchases/per diem will be charged to your BRL account. These include mice used for oocyte-donors as well as females and males used to establish pseudopregnancy in surrogate mothers.

    IVF Sperm Strain Differences (% success)
    (Taken from The Jackson Laboratory)
    StrainIVF (fresh sperm) %IVF (frozen sperm) %
    B6D2 F1 hybrid>90 (95)>90
    CB6 F1 hybrid>90 (95)>90
    B6129 F1 hybrid>90 (95)>90
    C57Bl/680<<5
    129low<<2
    FVB/N70-80~30
    CD-1, ICR no data, but work welln/an/a